Refraction

Refraction is a phenomenon that occurs when waves travel from one medium to another, changing their angle of incidence due to a change in speed. This effect is influenced by the refractive index, which varies according to characteristics such as temperature and the nature of the medium - a higher index means lower light speed, with the vacuum being the medium of the lowest index. In everyday life, refraction can be seen in situations like in a pool where the perceived position of an underwater object differs from the real position, or in the appearance of "melted" asphalt, caused by the refraction of light in the heated air above it.